95% of the good microbes in your body are in your gut. When in balance, these tiny organisms work together with your body to support many important systems, such as your immune system. In fact, 70-80% of your immune cells are in your gut! The tiny ecosystem of microbes in your stomach and intestines is known as your “gut microbiome”.
A problem occurs when the good microbes are overpowered by bad microbes. This creates a state of imbalance known as “gut dysbiosis”. Since your gut microbiome is so essential to the proper functioning of many of your body’s systems, gut dysbiosis is linked to various diseases- even brain diseases- such as:
- Type 2 diabetes
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Alzheimer’s disease
- Parkinson’s disease
- Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
What affects your gut microbiota? Stress, alcohol, certain foods, the use of antibiotics can all harm the good microbes in your gut, leading to gut dysbiosis. Gut dysbiosis can also cause inflammation, which can lead to what we call “leaky gut”.
The lining of your intestines is important for keeping most material inside your gut, while also letting things like water and nutrients be absorbed through it. In order to let certain things through the barrier, your intestine lining has to be somewhat permeable by having gaps between cells. However, when the gaps become too big due to inflammation, bigger particles can seep through. This is how leaky gut starts.
Food particles that escape your intestinal lining cause more inflammation. This is why leaky gut can is linked to inflammatory bowel diseases such as Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis.
The backbone of our immune system lies in our gut. When we have gut dysbiosis, leaky gut, and inflammation, our immune system can become dysregulated. This leads to a loss of tolerance for certain foods, environmental substances such as chemicals, and eventually our own cells.
3 Red Flags for Leaky Gut
Food sensitivities
Environmental sensitivities
Autoimmune disease
Healing Leaky Gut With Functional Medicine
As a functional medicine office, our focus is to dig deeper and address chronic health concerns by getting to the root cause. Because leaky gut is often the root cause of most inflammatory disorders and autoimmune diseases, our care is very gut-focused.
One of the most common questions asked in the natural health community is, “How do I fix my gut?” The problem is that this is not exactly a one-size-fits-all situation! Our personalized plans are designed to find and remove your specific triggers, which are not the same for everyone.
Probiotics
Since gut dysbiosis is a factor contributing to leaky gut, it is beneficial to add healthy bacteria back into the gut to “take up parking spots” and out-compete bad bacteria. Dr. Ian Hollaman uses advanced GI testing to identify exactly which strains of probiotics will be most beneficial for each patient.
Sometimes, before adding in good bacteria, the gut needs to be cleared of an infection, or overgrowth, of bad bacteria. Small intestine bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a difficult monster to tackle, but we have successfully helped many of our patients get it under control.
Prebiotics
Eating a fiber-rich diet gives the good bacteria in your gut plenty of good food! This is another way to help their populations grow.
Polyphenols
Polyphenols are antioxidants that help reduce stress on your body’s cells, therefore reducing inflammation. A recent study found that eating a polyphenol-rich diet for 8 weeks helped change the gut microbiota and therefore reduced intestinal permeability (aka leaky gut). This study used polyphenols from cocoa and green tea.
Dr. Ian’s proprietary supplement ImmunoXym contains caffeine-free green tea extract for its polyphenol content along with a specially formulated blend of probiotics and a slew of other vitamins essential for your immune system to regulate itself.
Glutamine
Glutamine supplementation has been shown to dramatically and safely reduce symptoms in IBS patients that have leaky gut.
The Dr. Autoimmune Difference
At Dr. Autoimmune, we use a functional medicine approach to address the root cause of leaky gut and all other gut issues. Our solutions are always natural, always personalized, and always backed by science. If you are ready to change your life, click the “Start Your Journey” button at the bottom of this page!
Have you heard of the “microbiome”? This is the word for a small ecosystem made up of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Everyone has ecosystems like these in their body, such as the gut microbiome, the skin microbiome, and pregnant people even have a placental microbiome inside their uterus. These tiny ecosystems are responsible for generating and absorbing essential nutrients, helping with digestion, and even providing a backbone for your immune system. In fact, 70-80% of your immune cells are in your gut!
We all know that the mother’s health affects the health of the baby. This is why pregnant women are advised against taking certain medications and drinking alcohol. Research shows that the microbiomes involved in birth- the placental and vaginal microbiomes- also have an important impact on the long-term health of the baby, including their risk of autoimmunity.
Importance of Infant Microbiome
The gut microbiome plays a key role in disease development, especially during early life. The foundation of a child’s gut microbiome is built during the first 3 years of life. This is a critical window because any disturbances to the microbiome during this time can have life-long consequences such as obesity, diabetes, asthma, allergies, inflammatory bowel disease, and neurological conditions. Studies have also shown that the microbiome in the first 3 years of life can influence a child’s chance of developing an autoimmune disease such as type 1 diabetes or celiac disease.
During infancy, the gut is dominated by a type of bacteria called “bifidobacteria”. Having higher levels of bifidobacteria have been associated with lower risk for obesity, allergies, and autoimmunity. These specific organisms also make nutrients that are vital to early development, such as sialic acid, which is essential for brain development!
So, we know that an infant’s gut microbiome is incredibly important to their future physical and mental health. We have to make sure to build a proper foundation. What are some factors that affect an infant’s microbiome?
The Maternal Gut Microbiome
Studies have proven that the microbes found in the placenta match those in the mother’s mouth. The first microbes that a fetus learns come directly from mom! This means that an expecting mother’s gut health directly affects their baby’s future gut health.
Gestational Age
Infants born before 33 weeks have less gut biodiversity than infants born full-term. Biodiversity= having many different types of microbes. Having more biodiversity in the baby’s gut helps their immune system develop properly.
Mode of Delivery
Infants born via C-section show overall lower biodiversity in their gut during the first 2 years of life. The low levels of healthy microbes in C-section babies allowed harmful bacteria to take over. Lower gut biodiversity in infants= higher risk of infection! The bacteria that the mother passes to the baby during vaginal births helps protect them against infection and immune system issues such as allergies. One study of 6,000 babies in New York found that those born via C-section were twice as likely to develop food allergies or asthma by age 3.
Mode of Feeding
Breast milk is the ideal food for infants. A mother’s milk is specific for the needs of their baby. The probiotics in the milk depend on the mode of delivery, gestational age, and environmental exposures.
One interesting environmental factor that seems to be important for healthy breast milk microbiota is actually the stress involved with birth! Who knew that stress could ever be a good thing? But it’s true- mothers who had an emergency C-section or a vaginal delivery had healthier breast milk microbes than mothers who chose to have an elective C-section. The only difference between an elective C-section and an emergency C-section is the amount of stress that the mother experiences during the birth. (Sorry, moms!)
Check Out Your Gut!
Having a healthy gut is vital to having a healthy immune system, no matter your age. The root cause of autoimmune conditions almost always includes gut dysbiosis. Many of our clients get a “GI Map”, which is a very comprehensive stool test that detects bacterial overgrowths and undergrowths, viral and parasitic infections, bacterial pathogens, fungi, and more. We have found no other stool test that is more comprehensive.
Maybe you are an expecting mom, trying to get pregnant, or curious about your child’s gut health. In any case, if you are interested in finding the root cause of your condition or checking out the health of your or your child’s gut, click the “Start Your Journey” button at the bottom of this page!
Discover how eating these foods can get you a healthier gut!
We’ve all experienced these symptoms more than we can count! Bloating, constipation, diarrhea, indigestion, and the general feeling of blah.
That’s a common feeling after eating a large greasy meal. Or indulging in a rich dessert. Or grabbing a bunch of convenience food when you’re running late.
It’s easy to brush off short-term discomforts from these foods, but daily consumption can lead to long-term gut health problems.
So how can we achieve a healthier gut?
Well, what if I told you that food is the answer to achieving a healthier gut! It’s true, but there’s good food and bad food for your gut!
Healthy food is nature’s medicine as it can ease digestive symptoms and prevent certain conditions.
By adding gut-healthy foods to your diet it’s a lot easier and delicious to achieve a healthier gut than you may realize!
Let’s face it – we sometimes feel too busy to go searching for healthy food on the go. So we settle on what’s around us.
The problem is, a lot of those ‘quick’ foods contain high sugar, fats, and cholesterol – with limited nutritional values. This leads to inflammation and unbalanced digestive enzymes.
Good & Bad Bacteria
Your gut health depends on the functioning of trillions of bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses that occupy your small and large intestines and the rest of your body.
These organisms make up what’s called your microbiome. The microbiome is a delicate system that plays a crucial role in your digestive system, immune system, and production of serotonin.
The microbiome can be aided or weakened by many factors. One of these factors is the food you eat.
In the following paragraphs, we’ll review foods that can restore healthy gut flora. But first, let’s go over why it’s so important that you make adjustments to your eating habits for a healthier gut.
Why we should change what we eat.
In a perfect world, we would eat whatever satisfied us. Our body would easily process the food as it passed through our gut, and then absorb the necessary nutrients while eliminating what we didn’t need through our bowel movements.
However, we don’t live in a perfect world, and some foods can make us feel really lousy over time. Which is why many of us should adjust our diet in order to improve our gut health.
The first step is to eliminate or reduce any processed foods, refined sugars and fats as they’re linked with a higher risk of chronic diseases that can shorten your lifespan.
Some of these chronic diseases include:
Other Issues that can be caused by poor gut health include:
Making a positive change in your diet not only benefits your gut health, it can also help lower your chances of getting any of the chronic diseases mentioned above.
On top of that, eating with your gut in mind will also help lower your blood pressure, and reduce your risk of heart disease and diabetes.
Now that we went over the “why” we should change our eating habits, let’s dig in and go over which foods will help you achieve a much happier and healthier gut!
Sauerkraut
A food often associated with sausage and hearty meals, sauerkraut is actually healthier than one may think.
Due to the fermentation process and the nutritionally dense values of cabbage, sauerkraut is an awesome food for a healthy gut!
In fact, regular consumption of fermented sauerkraut helps to balance good gut bacteria and is also a beneficial treatment for inflammatory bowel diseases and other conditions.
But be careful– not all sauerkraut is the same. Some sauerkraut found in traditional supermarkets can be loaded with sodium. So make sure to check the label when purchasing.
Leafy Greens
Spinach, kale, arugula, and chard are a few examples of leafy greens that are great to achieve a healthy gut lifestyle. The variety of their use is endless, too!
Leafy greens can be added to smoothies, soups, salads, and side dishes to satisfy cravings and appetite.
They’re low in calories, high in fiber, and packed with vitamins and minerals – it’s no wonder leafy greens are the superstars of all healthy food!
The benefits of adding leafy greens to your diet are endless too!
Here are 6 reasons why they are amazing for gut health-
- Anti-inflammatory
- Loaded with fiber for a healthy microbiota
- Maintains healthy blood sugar
- Promotes a healthy immune system
- Encourages healthy digestive enzymes
- Eliminates bloating
Dairy Free Yogurt
Yogurt is great for gut health, but not just any ol’ yogurt! For optimal health benefits, plant-based, dairy-free yogurt is best.
There are many tasty dairy-free yogurt options available that provide a ton of probiotic gut health benefits – without the lactose issues of dairy.
When choosing a dairy-free yogurt, make sure the label contains at least one of these options:
- almond milk
- cashew milk
- soy milk
- coconut milk
Plant-based yogurt provides delicious and nutritional options for a healthy gut. Be sure the yogurt you choose isn’t loaded with sugar.
Don’t worry, you can always sweeten it up with some fruit!
How is Yogurt a Probiotic?
Yogurt is a fermented food that increases lactobacilli (good probiotic) and decreases Enterobacteriaceae (inflammation-causing bacteria).
In fact, studies show those who consume yogurt regularly have a healthier gut microbiota (gut habitat) than those who do not eat yogurt.
Further studies also suggest that regular consumption of yogurt is beneficial to those with IBS and other digestive disorders.
It’s easy to see how dairy-free yogurt promotes the gut-healthy lifestyle! So make sure to add some to your next grocery list.
Garlic
A healthier gut isn’t only about probiotics – a healthy gut microbiome requires prebiotics, too.
While there are many prebiotic foods, the health benefits of garlic make it a star performer due to its high inulin (a type of dietary fiber) and non-digestive carbohydrate properties.
These prebiotic properties promote the growth of good bacteria which helps to prevent intestinal diseases.
Garlic is also beneficial for a healthy gut microbiota (gut habitat) due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and cancer prevention properties.
Prebiotic foods, like garlic, also contain short-chain fatty acids, which promote gut-health and decrease inflammation in the colon.
You may now wonder, do I need to eat a bowl full of garlic? No, please don’t! All you need to do is add 1 – 2 cloves of raw garlic into a meal per day. In fact, many healthy recipes include garlic cloves already.
It’s a matter of mindfulness.
Nuts
Packed with protein, fiber, and polyphenols, moderate consumption of nuts is fantastic for a healthy-gut life.
Fiber is a key player here, and adding a quarter cup of nuts per day is all that’s needed.
This goes to show a gut-healthy diet includes tasty foods, even ones you’ll go “nuts” over!
Bananas
This is another one that you’ll go “bananas” for! And we mean literally, because bananas are very gut-healthy!
The health benefits of eating bananas really stack up because they provide everything from fiber, to prebiotics, to pectin, to resistant starch- all of which promote a healthy gut!
Not to mention there’s so many different ways to enjoy eating them! They can be used in smoothie recipes, desserts, salads and bread! Or just peel and eat it straight up!
Bonus Tip: Add a banana to your dairy free yogurt for an extra dose of gut-healthiness!
Lentils
Lentils are a plant-based source of protein and fiber, and are an easy way to add prebiotics and antioxidants to your daily nutrition.
Lentils also have resistant starch which slows the digestion of carbohydrates and reduces the risk for gastrointestinal disorders.
Meals that contain lentils are also filling which helps to reduce overeating and indigestion.
Gut Health is Important!
Roughly three million Americans today have been diagnosed with intestinal disorders, including Crohn’s disease and Ulcerative Colitis.
While factors like family history and environment can play a part in health issues, one’s lifestyle and diet play a big role too!
The key takeaway is to eat healthy fermented foods, as well as foods containing fiber, prebiotics, and probiotics.
Remember, healthy eating doesn’t have to be confusing, complicated, or disgusting. All it takes is some education and mindful planning.
Could your gut be affecting your current health problems?
If after reading this you feel like your gut may be playing a role in your current health problems, then it’s time to make an appointment with Dr. Ian Hollaman, aka Dr. Autoimmune!
Dr. Hollaman treats a plethora of conditions including many that we mentioned above. He addresses the root causes of your autoimmune conditions using the most modern forms of healthcare including Functional Medicine, Clinical Nutrition, and Neurofeedback.
After working with Dr. Autoimmune and our team, you will walk away with the knowledge and tips to keep your health on track for years to come.
It’s time to start your journey to better health with the right tools, therapies, and diet changes.
Contact us today to get started! We’re happy to set up a complimentary 15-minute introductory consultation with Dr. Ian Hollaman himself.
Every human body is different in so many ways, but one thing we all have in common is poop! Pooping is something every living creature on this planet must do in order to stay alive and healthy. The process of defecation means the discharge of feces from the body. Poop is the left-over waste in our system after all of the nutrients of our food have been absorbed (or so we hope). It’s vital for our health that we are properly eliminating these toxins, otherwise they get reabsorbed into our system. There’s a delicate balance that happens in our body based on fiber consumption, hydration, and muscle motility (determined by healthy brain function) that deter-mines how our bowel movements might appear and how often you’ll pass them.
What is a normal poo?
There are many sizes, shapes, and colors your stool can be and all of them tell us different things about our health. Consistency is key: whether you’re having one or two bowel movements every day, you still want to make sure they are healthy! The Bristol Stool Chart is a helpful reference point to guarantee your bowel movements are where they should be.
According to The Bristol Stool Chart, the seven types of stool are:
•Type 1: Separate hard lumps, like nuts (hard to pass
•Type 2: Sausage-shaped, but lumpy
•Type 3: Like a sausage but with cracks on its surface
•Type 4: Like a sausage or snake, smooth and soft
•Type 5: Soft blobs with clear cut edges (passed easily)
•Type 6: Fluffy pieces with ragged edges, a mushy stool
•Type 7: Watery, no solid pieces, entirely liquid
Types 1–2 indicate constipation, types 3–5 are considered to be ideal, normal poops (especially 4), and types 6–7 are considered abnormal and indicate diarrhea.
The color (and even smell!) of your stool can tell you things about it as well. Colors can range from a medium brown, black, green, red, or even yellow/gray. Here’s a list of what some of these might say about what’s going on inside your body:
- Medium to dark brown: Normal!
- Black: Can mean there is upper GI bleeding going on. If this continues for 2-3 poops, consult with your doctor.
- Green: Can be a sign that your stool is moving too quickly through your digestive tract. Vegetables like spinach, kale, blueberries, or green supplement powders can show up in your stool without enough fiber to slow down the digestive process.
- Red/Purple: Can be a result of eating deeply colored vegetables like beets, but if you haven’t eaten anything of this color, you should reach out to your doctor (could be as simple as a hemorrhoid or something else).
- Yellow/Gray: Typically a sign of mucous, or bile, in the stool which can mean an issue with the liver or gallbladder.
What might be causing problems?
There are many reasons why you might not be eliminating properly! Constipation and diarrhea can result from stress, dehydration, lack of fiber, too much alcohol or caffeine, inflammation, or autoimmune disease. Dysbiosis is an “imbalance” in the gut microbial community and can mean that the bad bacteria in your digestive system has overgrown the good. This can cause bacterial over-growth, like SIBO, resulting in constipation, gas, bloating, food intolerances, and nutritional deficiencies.
Food sensitivities may be one of the most common, yet overlooked reasons for change in bowel movements. If you find your pattern flip flopping this could be IBS, but in reality there may be a chronic food sensitivity that you are unaware of! Foods like gluten and dairy are potentially inflammatory to your body and this may be causing either constipation (from bacterial overgrowth) or diarrhea (body needs to get it out fast!). At Dr. Autoimmune, we will help you determine any food sensitivities you may have so you can drop that inflammation and get this common leaky gut trigger removed. Without fully getting your diet dialed in to what you need, it may be impossible to have normal gut function.
Consistent bowel movements are a way to avoid dysbiosis and potential disease. Keep a look out for changes in your stool to help you stay aware of what’s going on inside your body. Fiber (vegetables, people!) and hydration might be two easy additions to your routine that could help you stay regular AND stay healthy! If you have tried all of the tricks and are still suffering, this is where functional medicine shines! Dr. Ian and our nutritionist are trained to pick up on these abnormal patterns and help you find the root cause of abnormal poo!
If you’d like to get started, fill out the form below and we’ll reach out shortly. We look forward to working with you to help you reach your health goals. We have a very comprehensive stool analysis that all of our clients complete because of just how important gut health is.
May the (good) poo be with you,
Ian Hollaman DC, MSc, IFMCP
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Relationship between disturbance of microbiome and Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
What is Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system of the body attacks the thyroid gland, a gland which is located beneath the Adam’s apple in your neck. This gland forms a part of the endocrine system of the body which secretes various hormones to coordinate multiple functions of the human body.
Inflammation due to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, which is also referred to as chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, results in hypothyroidism. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism or underactive thyroid in the USA. It usually affects females in the middle age-group but it may occur in males and females of any age group and also in children.
What are the causes of Hashimoto’s thyroiditis?
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease in which the immune system produces antibodies, which damage the thyroid gland. It is not clear what causes the immune system of the body to attack the thyroid gland. According to the belief of some scientists a bacterium or virus may trigger this response while according to others it may occur due to a genetic mutation. Ultimately like most autoimmune conditions it appears a triad of genetics, environment and triggers create a perfect storm with resulting tissue damage and symptoms (even if TSH is balanced within the normal range).
How is the thyroid affected by the microbiome?
There has been growing evidence that imbalances or dysbiosis of intestinal microbiome and over abundance of unfriendly bacteria in the gut can negatively affect functioning of thyroid gland and may even trigger autoimmune diseases including Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
The thyroid majorly produces the hormone T4 which is the inactive form and it requires to be converted to the active form T3 before it can be used by the body cells. 20% of T4 hormone is activated or converted to T3 in the intestines by the friendly bacteria present there. Imbalance in gut microbiome will affect the active hormone available for use by the cells, resulting in a state of low thyroid or hypothyroidism.
One of the main roles of friendly bacteria present in the gut is of strengthening the walls of the intestines, protecting it against pathogenic organisms and preventing the occurrence of leaky gut. When that barrier is not present large food particles and foreign matter pass out of intestines into your body starting a response by the cells of the immune system. Presence of prolonged immune response in the body can trigger production of antibodies against healthy cells and tissues resulting in autoimmune disorders such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
When the intestinal microbiome is imbalanced, long-term damage and inflammation may occur in the body, which may result in production of cortisol (the stress hormone) by the adrenal glands. Over time, excessive cortisol may suppress the function of thyroid gland, reduce the quantity of hormones secreted by the thyroid and also inhibit the conversion of inactive T4 to its active form T3.
A study published in the journal Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy demonstrated that patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis have intestinal microbial dysbiosis and they showed an increased growth of the harmful bacteria E. coli. Another study published in discovery medicine concludes that dysbiosis in the gut may result in autoimmunity that may lead to Hashimoto’s thyroiditis.
How can we determine there is a problem with the microbiome?
Stool testing (I prefer a 3 day collection from Drs Data) can pick up on both functional and pathologic changes. It can tell us about inflammation, absorption and whether there is a healthy microbial balance. Pre and post stool testing is one of the most important tests in functional medicine because we have as much as 70% of our immune system in the gut! Treatment can be customized with the information found in this lab and it many times can pinpoint the trigger creating the autoimmune storm.
How to restore your intestinal and microbial health?
Prebiotics are the foods on which your gut bacteria thrive. Prebiotics such as bananas, garlic and onions contain dietary fiber and nutrients to feed intestinal bacteria and release by products of metabolism such as short chain fatty acids which help in maintaining health and preventing disease. Some of the prebiotic foods are:
- Garlic
- Onion
- Jicama
- Asparagus
- Artichokes (Jerusalem)
- Bananas
- Pulses (beans, lentils, chickpeas etc.)
- Fermented dairy & Ghee (butyric acid)
Probiotics are a kind of good bacteria, which on administration will keep your intestine healthy. They may be present in certain fermented foods that contain active live bacterial cultures such as yogurt.
Eating a diet rich in prebiotics and probiotics with live cultures plays a vital role in maintaining the balance of your gut flora. You can also eat fermented foods like kimchee, kefir, sauerkraut and kombucha as they contain live microbes and help in improving the health of the intestinal microbiome. Ensure that you get fermented foods with live cultures and not foods that are pasteurized.
Let Your Gut Soar,
Ian Hollaman, DC, MSc, IFMCP
References
- Ishaq HM, Mohammad IS, Guo H, Shahzad M, Hou, YJ, Ma C, Naseem Z, Wu X, Shi P, Xu J. Molecular estimation of alteration in intestinal microbial composition in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients. Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy. November 2017; 95:865-874.
- Hashimoto’s Disease. 2018. Available at: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20351855. Accessed June 29, 2108.
- What your gut bacteria need to thrive with Hashimoto’s. 2018. Functionalhealthnews. Available at: http://functionalhealthnews.com/2017/08/what-your-gut-bacteria-need-to-thrive-with-hashimotos/. Accessed June 29, 2018.
- The role of fermented foods & probiotics in gut health. Ignitenutritionca. Available at: https://ignitenutrition.ca/blog/fermented-foods-probiotics-help-gut-health/. Accessed June 29, 2018.
- Does the gut microbiota trigger Hashimoto’s thyroiditis? Discoverymedicine. Available at: http://www.discoverymedicine.com/Kouki-Mori/2012/11/27/does-the-gut-microbiota-trigger-hashimotos-thyroiditis/. Accessed June 29, 2018.
- Dysbiosis and thyroid dysfunction. All roads lead to the microbiome. Hypothyroidmom. Available at: https://hypothyroidmom.com/dysbiosis-and-thyroid-dysfunction-all-roads-lead-to-the-microbiome/. Accessed June 29, 2018.
